Atta or chakki atta is a wholemeal wheat flour, originating from the Indian subcontinent, used to make flatbreadssuch as chapati, roti, naan, paratha and puri.It is the most widespread flour in the Indian subcontinent.
Gram flour or chickpea flour or besan is a pulse flour made from a variety of ground chickpea known as Bengal gram. It is a staple ingredient in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent, including in Indian, Bangladeshi, Burmese, Nepali, Pakistani and Sri Lankan cuisines. Gram flour can be made from either raw or roasted gram beans. The roasted variety is more flavorful, while the raw variety has a slightly bitter taste.
Maida is a white flour from the Indian subcontinent. Finely milled without any bran, refined, and bleached, it closely resembles cake flour. Maida is used extensively for making fast foods, baked goods such as pastries, bread, several varieties of sweets, and traditional flatbreads. Owing to this wide variety of uses, it is sometimes labeled and marketed as "all-purpose flour", though it is different from all-purpose flour.
Semolina is the coarse, purified wheat middlings of durum wheat mainly used in making upma, pasta, and couscous. The word semolina can also refer to sweet dessert made from semolina and milk.The term semolina is also used to designate coarse middlings from other varieties of wheat, and from other grains, such as rice and maize.
Chapati (alternatively spelled chapatti, chappati, chapathi, or chappathi), also known as roti, safati, shabaati, phulka and roshi, is an unleavened flatbread originating from the Indian subcontinent and staple in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, East Africa and the Caribbean.Chapatis are made of whole wheat flour known as atta, mixed into dough with water and optional salt in a mixing utensil called a parat, and is cooked on a tava (flat skillet).
Rava or ravva, is a wheat product and a form of semolina. Rava is made by grinding husked wheat and is used in Indian cuisine to make rava dosa, rava idli, upma, khichdis, and also sweets like rava ladoo and rava halwa also known as rava kesari. There is another form of rava known as chamba rava, which is an extract of wheat flour, while this "rava" is an extract of maida flour, hence much finer.
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